BEGINNERS TUTORIAL

In ns2; for analysis and creation of a network we have to do the following procedures;

1. Write OTCL program.

2. Run program in terminal.

3. Analyse trace file using gawk.

1. Write OTCL Program

In ns2 ,we use object oriented tool command language as front end language or simply to write programs to generate a network scenario.One of the reason is that it is simple and easy to code.To know more about ns2 languages,click here. To write an OTCL script, we use editors [notepad] in the linux.

Open gedit

For that go to accessories-> gedit or search gedit on dashhome [For ubundu 12.04]

you will get the following window;

gedit window

Write your tcl script on here. For tcl scripting tutorials, go through following links: Link 1 Link 2

After writing program, save it in .tcl format.[ for ex: dd.tcl ].

After that you can see your program changed like this i.e as multicolored

Now we have to run the tcl scripting................................................................!!!!!!

2. Run program in Terminal
To run the program, open terminal window from accessories->terminal or search on dash home.

You will get the following window;

Terminal window

now you have to run the tcl script, for that you have to change to the directory where the program is located.
For example: In here we are going to run aodv.tcl which is located at folder program. In terminal we have to change to directory where program located.For that use command cd

It can shown as below;

The directory is changed....!!!!!!

Now we have to run the TCL script, for that type ns filename in terminal. For example; ns aodv.tcl

Now simulation starts..........................!!!!!!!

Now simulation started and you can get network animator window,xgraph and trace files [You will get this only depend upon the codes wriiten on TCL script].

3. Analyse trace file using awk scripts
We add it in the later pages. Click here to read.

Click different topics to know more about NS2.

HAPPY HUNTING......................!!!!!!!

Comments

Link State Routing Protocol

Link state routing is a method in which each router shares its neighborhood’s knowledge with every other router on the internetwork. In this algorithm, each router in the network understands the network topology and then makes a routing table depending on this topology. Each router will share data about its connection to its neighbor, who will, consecutively, reproduce the data to its neighbors, etc. This appears just before all routers have constructed a topology of the network. In LSP, each node transmits its IP address and the MAC to its neighbor with its signature. Neighbors determine the signature and maintain a record of the combining IP address and the MAC. The Neighbor Lookup Protocol (NLP) of LSP derives and maintains the MAC and IP address of every network frame accepted by a node. The extracted data can support the mapping of MACs and IP addresses. The link-state flooding algorithm prevents the general issues of broadcast in the existence of loops by having every node mainta...

Matter: A next generation home standard

The smart home is evolving. To date, if you've wanted to get into developing a smart home, you've had to deal with the multitude of smart home ecosystems, and making sure that each device you buy is compatible. That, however, may soon change — thanks to new smart home standard called Matter. Matter isn't available just yet, but when it is finally released, it could completely change how you buy smart home products, for the better. All of the best smart home devices could soon support the standard, helping them all work together nicely, and ensuring that no matter what products you buy, you'll be able to use them. Matter is basically the name of a new smart home connectivity standard . But this standard is a little unlike others. That's because of the fact that it's being developed by the Connectivity Standards Alliance, which counts hundreds of companies as members. That includes the likes of Google, Alexa, and Apple. So, whether you prefer to use Google Assista...

New interactive stickers for Stories

Instagram has introduced several new features to Stories, offering interactive ways to share music, photos, and videos. One of the most interesting additions is a feature called Reveal , which blurs the content of a story post and requires viewers to DM the person who shared it in order to see it. Instagram's head, Adam Mosseri, has emphasized the importance of direct messages on the platform, with stories and DMs driving most of Instagram's growth. Requiring a DM to view content represents the next step in boosting engagement, and creators are likely to use it as a tactic to increase their stories' engagement. Another new feature, Frames, adds a Polaroid overlay to images that initially appear gray. Users can shake their phone to reveal the photo, resembling the process many people associate with Polaroid pictures, despite the fact that shaking Polaroids is not recommended by the company during development. Instagram has also introduced a music-based template feature calle...

TECHGRAM